Cough

What is Coughing? 

Coughing is a natural, reflexive action that the body uses to clear the airways and protect the respiratory system. Coughing is the body’s way of attempting to clear the airways of mucus, irritants (such as dust or smoke), infection (such as viruses or bacteria), or other things that can be blocking it. 

Common Causes of Coughing in Children

Infections 

• Viral infections such as the common cold and flu. 

• Bacterial infections that can cause a pneumonia.

  
  

Allergies 

• Allergic reactions to pollen, dust, pet dander or mold. 

  
  

Asthma 

• A chronic condition that can cause inflammation and increased mucus within the airway which can cause difficulty breathing. 

  
  

Irritants 

• Cigarette smoke, pollution, strong odors (such as cooking fumes)

  
  

Gastroesophageal Reflux Disease (GERD) 

• Stomach acid backs into the esophagus and can irritate the throat. 

Managing Coughing (Without Medications) 

Humidifiers/Steam Inhalation

• How it works: Humidifiers add moisture to the air which can help loosen the mucus in the nose and throat and also sooth the irritated airways. 

  
  

Honey

• How it works: Honey soothes the throat, helping reduce irritation and decrease coughing. Honey can also contain some mild antibacterial properties. 

• Honey should not be used in children < 12 months of age. 

  
  

Nasal Saline Sprays/Drops 

• How it works: Like humidifiers, nasal saline sprays/drops add moisture to the airway helping loosen mucus (making it easier to cough up and get rid of) and help sooth the irritated airway. 

Managing Coughing (With Over the Counter Medications) 

Cough Suppressants (Dextromethorphan)

• How it works: Cough suppressants help decrease the urge to cough. 

Expectorants (Guaifenesin) 

• How it works: Expectorants work by thinning the mucus in the airways. This makes it easier for the body to get rid of it by coughing.  

The information in this database regarding prescription drugs is intended to supplement, not substitute for, the expertise and judgment of healthcare professionals. The information is not intended to cover all possible uses, directions, precautions, drug interaction or adverse effects, nor should it be construed to indicate that use of a particular drug is safe, appropriate, or effective for you or anyone else. A healthcare professional should be consulted before taking any drug, changing any diet or commencing or discontinuing any course of treatment. See disclaimer.