What is Melatonin? 

Melatonin is a hormone produced in the brain (pineal gland). Melatonin regulates the body’s circadian rhythm (physical, mental, and behavioral changes experienced in 24 hours) and sleep patterns. Melatonin production peaks between 1-3 years of age and starts to decrease with age. Light decreases melatonin secretion and darkness increases melatonin secretion (why we usually feel sleepy during the night and awake during the day). If someone is having trouble sleeping it could be due to low levels of melatonin production. 

Does it Work? 

Melatonin is available over the counter (OTC) and is advertised to help promote sleep. Although promoted to help sleep, the evidence for its effectiveness is mixed. Some studies show there might be benefit in time to fall asleep, however there isn’t strong evidence to show that melatonin will help maintain sleep. 

Is Melatonin Safe for Children? 

Generally, melatonin is considered as safe for children with appropriate dosing and used short term. Although there is no strong evidence to support negative effects from long term use, medications of any sort should only be used when needed. If long term use is required, a pediatrician should be consulted. 

Does Melatonin Cause Dependency? 

Some parents might worry that melatonin can cause dependency for their child (they will always require melatonin to fall asleep). Generally, it is thought that melatonin does not cause dependency in order to fall asleep (no strong studies show this effect). 

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